Ulwazi Oluyisisekelo Ngezinhlobo Ezintathu Zezinto Ze-PE (I)

1. I-polyethylene ephezulu kakhulu (i-HDPE)

I-HDPE ayinabo ubuthi, ayinambitheki futhi ayinaphunga, inokuminyana okungu-0.940-0.976g/cm3.Kungumkhiqizo we-polymerization ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephansi ngaphansi kwe-catalysis ye-Ziegler catalyst, ngakho-ke i-polyethylene ephakeme kakhulu ibizwa nangokuthi i-polyethylene ephansi yokucindezela.

Inzuzo:

I-HDPE iwuhlobo lweresin ye-thermoplastic ene-crystallinity ephezulu kanye ne-non-polarity eyakhiwe yi-copolymerization ye-ethylene.Ukubukeka kwe-HDPE yasekuqaleni kumhlophe qhwa, futhi ishintshashintsha ngokwezinga elithile esigabeni esincanyana.Inokumelana okuhle kakhulu namakhemikhali amaningi asekhaya nawezimboni, futhi ingamelana nokugqwala nokuncibilika kwama-oxidants aqinile (i-nitric acid egxilile), usawoti we-acid-base kanye nezinyibilikisi zemvelo (carbon tetrachloride).I-polymer ayiyona i-hygroscopic futhi inokumelana kahle nomhwamuko wamanzi futhi ingasetshenziselwa umswakama nokumelana nokugeleza kwamanzi.

Okushodayo:

Okubi ukuthi ukumelana kwayo nokuguga kanye nokuqhekeka kokucindezeleka kwemvelo akufani ne-LDPE, ikakhulukazi i-oxidation eshisayo izonciphisa ukusebenza kwayo, ngakho-ke i-HDPE yengeza ama-antioxidants kanye nama-UV absorbers uma yenziwa amakhoyili epulasitiki ukuze ithuthukise ukusebenza kwayo.ukushiyeka.

2. I-polyethylene enezinga eliphansi (LDPE)

I-LDPE ayinabo ubuthi, ayinambitheki futhi ayinaphunga, inokuminyana okungu-0.910-0.940g/cm3.Yenziwe i-polymerized nge-oxygen noma i-organic peroxide njenge-catalyst ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu ye-100-300MPa.Ibizwa nangokuthi i-high-pressure polyethylene.I-LDPE ijwayele ukubizwa ngepayipi le-PE embonini yokunisela.

Inzuzo:

I-Low-density polyethylene iyinhlobonhlobo elula kakhulu yama-polyethylene resins.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-HDPE, ubucwebe bayo (55% -65%) kanye nephuzu lokuthambisa (90-100℃) liphansi;inokuguquguquka okuhle, ukunwebeka, ukucaca, ukumelana nokubanda kanye nokucutshungulwa;ikhemikhali yayo Ukuzinza okuhle, i-asidi, i-alkali nosawoti isixazululo esinamanzi;ukufakwa kahle kukagesi kanye nokungena komoya;ukumuncwa kwamanzi aphansi;kulula ukushisa.Ithambile ngokwemvelo futhi inokwandiswa okuhle, ukufakwa kukagesi, ukuzinza kwamakhemikhali, ukusebenza kokucubungula nokumelana nokushisa okuphansi (kungakwazi ukumelana no -70 ° C).

Okushodayo:

Ububi ukuthi amandla ayo emishini, umgoqo womswakama, umgoqo wegesi kanye nokumelana ne-solvent akubi kakhulu.Isakhiwo samangqamuzana asivamile ngokwanele, i-crystallinity (55% -65%) iphansi, futhi i-crystalline melting point (108-126 ° C) nayo iphansi.Amandla ayo emishini aphansi kunalawo e-polyethylene ephezulu-density, futhi i-coefficient yayo yokungafinyeleli, ukumelana nokushisa kanye nokumelana nokuguga kwelanga kumpofu.Ama-Antioxidants kanye nezinto zokumunca ama-UV ziyengezwa ukuze kulungiswe ukuntula kwayo.